In this section you will create three simple Node.js apps. One of them will just connect to the database, the second will perform basic Insert, Update, Delete, and Select, and the third one will make use of Sequelize, one of the most popular Node.js Object-relational mappers, to execute the same operations.
Step 2.1 Create a Node.js app that connects to SQL Server and executes queries
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Create a new project directory and initialize Node dependencies.
Create a database that will be used for the rest of this tutorial by connecting to SQL Server using sqlcmd and executing the following statement.
Now you will create a simple Node.js app that connects to SQL Server.
Using your favorite editor, create a file named connect.js in the SqlServerSample folder. Copy and paste the below contents into the file.
Run the application.
Using your favorite text editor, create a file called CreateTestData.sql in the SqlServerSample folder. Copy and paste the following the T-SQL code inside it. This will create a schema, table, and insert a few rows.
Connect to the database using sqlcmd and run the SQL script to create the schema, table, and insert some rows.
Using your favorite text editor, create a new file called crud.js in the SqlServerSample folder. Copy and paste the following code inside it. This will insert, update, delete, and read a few rows.
Run the crud.js app to see the results
Step 2.2 Create a Node.js app that connects to SQL Server using the popular Sequelize ORM
Create the app directory and initialize Node dependencies.
- Open your favourite text editor and create the file orm.js in the directory SqlServerSequelizeSample.
- Paste the contents below into orm.js
- Update the variable for password to use your own password specified in the first module.
- Save and close orm.js
Run the orm.js app
Congratulations! You created your first two Node.js apps with SQL Server! Check out the next section to learn about how you can make your Node.js apps faster with SQL Server’s Columnstore feature
If you run a Node.js application on your own VPS, you’ll need a solution for obtaining SSL certificates.
Today, the standard for doing this is to use Let’s Encrypt and Certbot, a tool from EFF, aka Electronic Frontier Foundation, the leading nonprofit organization focused on privacy, free speech, and in-general civil liberties in the digital world.
These are the steps we’ll follow:
Install Certbot
These instructions assume you are using Ubuntu, Debian or any other Linux distribution that uses
apt-get
to manage packages:You can also install Certbot on a Mac, for testing purposes (requires Homebrew):
However, you will need to link that to a real domain name in order for it to be useful.
Generate the SSL certificate using Certbot
Now that Certbot is installed, you can invoke it to generate the certificate. You must run this as root:
…or call sudo:
This is the process in detail:
The installer will ask you to provide the domain of your website.
…it then asks for your email:
…and to accept the ToS:
…and for permission to share your email address:
…finally, we can enter the domain where we want to use the SSL certificate:
…the installer asks if it’s ok to log your IP address:
…and finally we get to the verification phase!
Now, let’s leave Certbot alone for a couple of minutes.
We need to verify we own the domain, by creating a file named
TS_oZ2-ji23jrio3j2irj3iroj_U51u1o0x7rrDY2E
in the .well-known/acme-challenge/
folder. Pay attention! The weird string I just pasted will change every single time you go through this process.You’ll need to create the folder and the file, since they do not exist by default.
In this file you need to put the content that Certbot printed:
As for the filename - this string is unique each time you run Certbot.
Allow Express to serve static files
In order to serve that file from Express, you need to enable serving static files. You can create a
static
folder, and add there the .well-known
subfolder, then configure Express like this:The
dotfiles
option is mandatory otherwise .well-known
, which is a dotfile (as it starts with a dot), won’t be made visible. This is a security measure, because dotfiles can contain sensitive information and they are better-off preserved by default.Confirm the domain
Now run the application and make sure the file is reachable from the public internet. Go back to Certbot, which is still running, and press ENTER to go on with the script.
Obtain the certificate
That’s it! If all went well, Certbot created the certificate and the private key, and made them available in a folder on your computer (and it will tell you which folder, of course).
Now, simply copy/paste the paths into your application to start using them to serve your requests:
Note that I made this server listen on port 443, so it needs to be run with root permissions.
Also, the server is exclusively running in HTTPS, because I used
https.createServer()
. You can also deploy an HTTP server alongside this, by running:Setup the renewal
The SSL certificate is only going to be valid for 90 days, so you need to set up an automated system for renewing it.
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How? Using a cron job.
A cron job is a way to run tasks at a specified interval of time. It can be every week, every minute, every month, and so on.
In our case, we’ll run the renewal script twice per day, as recommended in the Certbot documentation.
First, find out the absolute path of
certbot
on your system. I use type certbot
on macOS to get it, and in my case it’s in /usr/local/bin/certbot
.Here’s the script we need to run:
certbot renew
This is the cron job entry:
The above says ‘run it every 12 hours, every day: at 00:00 and at 12:00’.
Tip: I generated this line using https://crontab-generator.org/
Add your newly-created script to the system’s crontab using this command:
This opens the
pico
editor (feel free to substitute with whichever editor you prefer). Simply enter the new script, save, and the cron job is installed.Once this is done, you can see the list of active cron jobs by running:
Node Js App
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